The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
Popper, K. (2002). Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge. Routledge.
Chapter 1: Science: Conjectures and Refutations
Problem of Demarcation of Science Statements
Sections 1, 2, and 3 established and provided context on the criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its falsifiability, refutability, or testability. Stressed that this is for demarcation only. It has nothing to do with meaning.
Problem of Induction
Sections 4, 5, 6, and 7 supported Hume's refutation of inductive inference. But disagree with Hume's psychological arguments by pointing out some observations and logic infinite regress problems. Proposed the true process is conjectures (based on prior events, inborn expectation and tendency to draw regularities) and refutations (falsifiability). Relates dogmatic attitude (tendency to draw regularities) to confirmation bias. Specify role of deductive logic in falsifiability.
Problem the Logic of Science
Sections 8, 9, and 10 connected the problem of demarcation and the problem of induction. Point out that the theory's acceptance is only temporary (never accept null hypothesis, only failure to reject null).
Some reactions
Poper might be claiming the tendency is preceding inductive reasoning. But this tendency itself is not testable.
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